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Titus Flavius Clemens ((ギリシア語:Κλήμης ὁ Ἀλεξανδρεύς); c. 150 – c. 215), known as Clement of Alexandria to distinguish him from the earlier Clement of Rome, was a Christian theologian who taught at the Catechetical School of Alexandria. A convert to Christianity, he was an educated man who was familiar with classical Greek philosophy and literature. As his three major works demonstrate, Clement was influenced by Hellenistic philosophy to a greater extent than any other Christian thinker of his time, and in particular by Plato and the Stoics.〔Outler (1940), p. 217〕 His secret works, which exist only in fragments, suggest that he was also familiar with pre-Christian Jewish esotericism and Gnosticism. In one of his works he argued that Greek philosophy had its origin among non-Greeks, claiming that both Plato and Pythagoras were taught by Egyptian scholars. Among his pupils were Origen and Alexander of Jerusalem. Clement is regarded as a Church Father, like Origen. He is venerated as a saint in Coptic Christianity, Ethiopian Christianity and Anglicanism. He was previously revered in the Roman Catholic Church, but his name was removed from the Roman Martyrology in 1586 by Pope Sixtus V on the advice of Baronius. ==Biography== Neither Clement's birthdate or birthplace is known with any degree of certainty. It is conjectured that he was born in around 150.〔Ferguson (1974), p. 13〕 According to Epiphanius Scholasticus, he was born in Athens, but there is also a tradition of an Alexandrian birth. His parents were pagans, and Clement was a convert to Christianity. In the ''Protrepticus'' he displays an extensive knowledge of Greek mythology and mystery religions, which could only have arisen from the practice of his family's religion.〔 Having rejected paganism as a young man due to its perceived moral corruption, he travelled in Greece, Asia Minor, Palestine and Egypt. Clement's journeys were primarily a religious undertaking. In Greece, he encountered an Ionian theologian, who has been identified as Athenagoras of Athens; while in the east, he was taught by an Assyrian, sometimes identified with Tatian, and a Jew, who was possibly Theophilus of Caesarea.〔Ferguson (1974), p. 14〕 In around 180, Clement reached Alexandria,〔''Stromateis'' I.I.II.1-2〕 where he met Pantaenus, who taught at the Catechetical School of Alexandria.〔Eusebius, ''Historia Ecclesiastica''6.13.2; 6.6.1〕 Eusebius suggests that Pantaenus was the head of the school, but it is controversial whether the institutions of the school were formalized in this way before the time of Origen.〔Ferguson (1974), p. 15〕〔Henny (2006), p. 56-9. Proponents of a formalized leadership and succession suggest that Clement succeeded Pantaenus as leader of the school, and was succeeded himself by Origen.(Itter (2009), p. 9)〕 Clement studied under Pantaenus, and was ordained to the priesthood by Pope Julian before 189. Otherwise, virtually nothing is known of Clement's life in Alexandria. He may have been married, a conjecture supported by his writings.〔Ferguson (1974), p. 16〕 During the Severian persecutions of 202–203, Clement left Alexandria. In 211, Alexander of Jerusalem wrote a letter commending him to the Church of Antioch,〔Eusebius, ''Historia Ecclesiastica'', 6.14.8〕 which may imply that Clement was living in Cappadocia or Jerusalem at that time. The date and location of his death are unknown. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Clement of Alexandria」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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